![]() ![]() While most beginners and the majority of academic contributions focus mostly on technical aspects such as which language to learn first, or which learning resources to use, this paper analyzes the learning process itself. The single most important factor for succeeding in learning programming has been found to be of human nature: learner motivation and persistence. Its intended readers are primarily entrepreneurs and ‘startup people’ who are driven to build new businesses with code, although the proposed approach is also transferable to other domains and audiences. Additionally, it incorporates effective learning techniques derived from psychological research. Its recommendations are based on a review of the existing academic literature which is complemented by the analysis of numerous contributions by software developers, self-learners, and teachers of programming. Xkcd comics are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 License.This paper provides a structured approach for self-learning programming for free on the internet. If that happens, your script will seem to be fine until one day it is run on a system that does not use a symlink to bash as its sh ↩ Even when running in compatibility mode, certain extensions are allowed by bash. I like to use the dash shell when developing the scripts just to ensure that no “bash-isms” creep into my code. It does not need to be indented, but doing so increases it’s readability as Markdown. Apologies for any time lost browsing TV Tropes.And for any time lost reading through explanations of various xkcd comics.Apologies for any time lost trying to find the perfect comic.Putting an xkcd comic at the top of your script is not required, but highly recommended.Note that the source of the quote above has a slightly more complicated (but more flexible?) version of this technique. The point is, think about your use cases instead of just blindly opting for one path or another.)Īlso note that when posting Markdown files as a Github gist, if the file begins with a #! it will be rendered as a shell script. (You can also just use a shebang line, if it bothers you that much or yours or your users' environment sucks that hard and you don't mind your markdown file having a huge heading saying !/usr/bin/env or some such. (And in such cases, you can simply prefix your command string with env or sh or whatever!) So don't let this detail get in the way of how awesome it can be to mix markdown and shell scripting. So the only time a non-shebang file is in any danger of failing execution is when it's being executed in a non-POSIX environment or by a program that doesn't use those functions to do the exec. ![]() You see, POSIX 2008.1-compliant shells are required to treat shebangless text files as shell scripts - and you wouldn't want to use a non-POSIX-compliant shell, would you? (Even busybox is compliant enough!) For that matter, since POSIX.2008-1, the "treat other files as a shell script" behavior applies to execvp() and execlp() as well. Not only are they missing the point of how frickin' awesome this is, but they are also technically incorrect. ![]() Some people may wish to point out that a file without a shebang line is not technically a valid executable and is therefore not portable. Many people will want to include a #! ( shebang) line at the top, but it is not strictly necessary. When discussing the alias command above, it was written as To work around this limitation we just spell out the command to skip to the first code block that we wish to run.Īny code block that you do not want executed can simply use a different code-block style. But, because shells execute their scripts line-by-line, the alias won’t take effect until after this line. :ends the alias command so that we may then execute the next one.It then resumes execution with the content of that code block. The result is that when the shell encounters the expression ~~~ it begins discarding every line that follows until it encounters a fenced code block that begins with ~~~sh. ![]()
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